These seedheads have numerous short branches 1020 mm long that are usually held closely. Plants profile for sporobolus indicus capensis rattail. It is capable of forming dense stands once established which can exclude native species and alter ecological conditions such as light, nutrients and moisture availability. A molecular phylogeny and new subgeneric classification of sporobolus poaceae. Integrated management techniques for longterm control of. These seedheads have numerous relatively long branches 50100 mm long that stiffly spread away from the main stem. Sporobolus heterolepis prairie dropseed from north creek. No allergy has been reported for smut grass sporobolus indicus species. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Sporobolus africanus spzafoverview eppo global database. The plant list includes a further 143 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus sporobolus.
Sporobolus indicus produces an ellipsoid quadrangular caryopsis with a free, soft pericarp. Pdf phylogeny of the sporobolus indicus complex, based on. Smutgrass sporobolus indicus weed gallery uc statewide. Aug 01, 2015 smutgrass, a native of tropical asia, is a perennial weed that affects many improved perennial grass pastures in florida and throughout the southeastern united states. Download fulltext pdf phylogeny of the sporobolus indicus complex, based on internal transcribed spacer its sequences article pdf available in australian systematic botany 162. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Smutgrass sporobolus indicus control in bermudagrass cynodon dactylon turf with triazinemsma applications1 roy k.
Pdf phylogeny of the sporobolus indicus complex, based. Pdf high seed production makes sporobolus indicus var. Further details may be available for individual references in the distribution table details section which can be. Three field experiments were conducted from 2008 to 2012 to evaluate the effect of integrated longterm management. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 444243 with original publication details. Sporobolus indicus smut grass this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.
Pdf green leaves and seeds alcoholic extract controls. Sporobolus jacquemontii is considered the accepted name, while s. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Phillips annuals or perennials, tufted or sometimes with creeping rhizomes or stolons. Sporobolus indicus in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Sporobolus indicus is capable of naturalising in disturbed areas such as along roadsides and in grasslands and pastures in hawaii pier, 2009. Smutgrass sporobolus indicus control in bermudagrass. A large image of sporobolus indicus smut grass from the usda plants database. Page 1 1 biology of small smutgrass sporobolus indicus var. Weedy sporobolus grasses are all exotic nonnative species. West indian dropseed, smutgrass, rattail grass sporobolus indicus l. Three field experiments were conducted from 2008 to 2012 to evaluate the effect of integrated longterm management strategies using. Sporobolus indicus bergianska tradgarden stockholm, sweden dsc00559.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Giant rats tail grass was introduced into australia for pasture evaluation but was widely distributed as a contaminant of pasture seed between the 1960s and 1980s. Sporobolus indicus smut grass, rattail grass, west indian. Two or three applications of msma applied alone were ineffective in controlling smutgrass in common bermudagrass turf. Large image for sporobolus indicus smut grass usda plants. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought. Sporobolus elongatus is a perennial, clumpforming grass with erect culms 50 100cm tall. Common names gramigna tenacissima in italian madhol hodi in hebrew rattail smutgrass in language. The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. The plant list includes 483 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus sporobolus. This page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 00. The combined presence in the pacific of these species is listed above. This plant may be known by one or more common names in.
The university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. The rattail grass sporobolus indicus is a tuft forming perrenial grass native to various countries in continental africa and often introduced as a pasture grass. Sporobolus indicus wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre. Sporobolus indicus is a perennial bunchgrass producing a tuft of stems up to about a meter3 feet tall.
General information sporobolus indicus is usually a rather densely tufted, perennial, slender, wiry grass with erect, branched stems up to 1 metre tall. Other reports from new zealand and niue confirm that this is common in other areas where s. Smut grass species description this species includes one or more native variety or subspecies to north america and one or more introduced variety or subspecies. In cuba, buffaloes fed on grazed pasture diet containing 10% sporobolus indicus, 22. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Smutgrass is a tufted warmseason perennial grass that often invades irrigated pastures and turf areas particularly those with heavy grazing, foot traffic, or poor drainage. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. The name, smutgrass, is given for the darkcolored fungus, often found on the seed heads giving it. It makes a well defined and very distinctive border. Parramatta grass sporobolus africanus is a relatively small plant usually less than 50 cm tall with relatively small spikelike i. The two varieties of smutgrass predominant in florida are small smutgrass and giant smutgrass. To download the original size of this image, click on the link below. Smutgrass, a native of tropical asia, is a perennial weed that affects many improved perennial grass pastures in florida and throughout the southeastern united states. Dec 10, 2014 this page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 00. Media in category sporobolus indicus the following 14 files are in this category, out of 14 total. Sporobolus is a genus of about 160 grass species endemic to tropical and subtropical regions simon and jacobs, 1999. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. This information can in turn be used in weed management strategy development.
This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Known hazards none known botanical references range southeast asia philippines to new guinea, australia, new zealand and the pacific islands. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. An sporobolus in nahilalakip ha familia nga poaceae ilarom nga taxa. The species present considerable taxonomic difficulties in identification, particularly those in the indicus complex pilger, 1956. Some sporobolus grasses are native to australia, and these do not pose a weed problem. It can often be distinguished in late summer and fall but the presence of a black smut throughout the inflorescence, hence the name smutgrass. Derivationfrom greek sporos seed and bolos throwing, alluding to the ease of dispersal of the seed taxonomic revisions. Green leaves and seeds alcoholic extract controls sporobulus. Smut grass sporobolus indicus species details and allergy info. Fine textured, deep green foliage with lovely, light and airy flowers to 2 12 in september and october. This is an excerpt from weeds of hawaiis pastures and natural areas. This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts and records obtained from usda plants database. These are primarily included because names of species rank are.
Download fulltext pdf phylogeny of the sporobolus indicus complex, based on internal transcribed spacer its sequences article pdf available in australian systematic botany 162 may 2003. The grass is sometimes gathered from the wild and used for making hats. Other species are reported to be used as famine foods, such as sporobolus indicus in parts of the oromia region of ethiopia, where it is known as muriy in oromiffa. The inflorescence is a dense, narrow, spikelike panicle of grayish or light brown spikelets, its base sometimes sheathed by the upper leaf.
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